ABSTRACT: The boll weevil colonizes cotton fields as early as cotton squaring, causing significant losses due to feeding and protected development inside fruiting structures throughout crop phenology. Successful control depends on control of adults and their accurate detection when they colonize the crops. The commercial trap and boll weevil attract-and-control tubes (BWACT) are the only available tools to monitor and attract-and-kill boll weevil, despite limitation in efficacy, and insecticide in BWACT is not allowed in organic production. A grandlure-and-glue reusable and insecticide-free tube (GGT) made with polyvinyl chloride tube, smeared with entomological glue, and lured with pheromone was tested to detect boll weevil activity across various seasons. Boll weevil showed activity during growing season and off-season from 2009 to 2012 in the Semiarid and with higher numbers captured in GGT in comparisons to commercial traps. GGT was able to detect early weevils in the field right after planting. Further, the overall averages resulted in 34-, 16.8-, and 7.5-times more weevils captured in GGTs compared to the traps during stalk destruction in the Semiarid 2011 and Cerrado season 2012/13 and during the harvesting period in the Cerrado season 2011/12, respectively. Therefore, boll weevils were captured actively during season and off-season and early captures obtained in GGT compared to traps showed a better correlation between captures and square damage.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência das formulações septo de borracha e lure do feromônio sexual do percevejo marrom Euschistus heros e compará-la ao método do pano de batida, para o monitoramento dessa praga em lavoura de soja. Os tratamentos foram: feromônio em septo de borracha, feromônio em lure e amostragem com pano de batida. As amostragens foram realizadas semanalmente durante a fase reprodutiva da soja (dez semanas). Para estimar a densidade populacional de percevejos e compará-la à captura nas armadilhas de feromônio, foram efetuados quatro panos de batida por semana em todas as parcelas; além disso, foi determinado o número de percevejos capturados nas armadilhas por semana. Os danos provocados pelos percevejos nas sementes foram analisados pelo teste de tetrazólio. As formulações do feromônio foram eficientes na captura de E. heros, e a formulação em lure capturou mais percevejos. O controle precoce da população, indicado pelo nível de controle nas armadilhas com feromônio, resultou em sementes com maior qualidade do que as provenientes das parcelas monitoradas pelo pano de batida. Assim, as armadilhas com feromônio são mais eficientes que o pano de batida para o monitoramento das populações de percevejos durante a fase crítica do ataque deste inseto nas lavouras de soja.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of rubber septum and lure formulations of the brown stink bug Euschistus heros sex pheromone and to compare it with the shake cloth method for monitoring this pest in soybean fields. The treatments were: pheromone in rubber septum, pheromone in lure, and sampling with shake cloth. Samples were taken weekly during the soybean reproductive stage (ten weeks). To estimate bug population density and compare it with the capture in pheromone traps, four shake clothes per week were carried out in all plots; in addition, the number of bugs captured in traps was determined weekly. Damage caused by bugs in seeds was evaluated using the tetrazolium test. Pheromone formulations were effective in capturing E. heros, and the lure formulation captured more bugs. Early population control, indicated by the level of control in the pheromone traps, resulted in seeds with higher quality than those from plots monitored with shake cloth. Therefore, pheromone traps are more efficient than the shake cloth for monitoring stink bug populations during the critical phase of the bug attack in soybean fields.

Neste trabalho, é relatada a primeira ocorrência de Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) no Brasil, que era considerada, até o momento, uma praga quarentenária. A notificação ocorreu nos Estados de Goiás, na cultura da soja; Bahia, em tiguera de soja; e Mato Grosso, na cultura do algodoeiro.

In this study is reported the first occurrence, in Brazil, of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which was considered up till now a quarantine pest. The notification occurred in the Goiás State, in soybean; Bahia State, in volunteer soybean; and Mato Grosso State, in cotton.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da predação de Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) por ninfas e adultos de Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) na reprodução desse predador, em casa telada (30±5ºC, 61±23% de UR e fotoperíodo natural) e em laboratório (28±1°C, 53±5% de UR e fotoperíodo de 14L:10E). Ninfas de P. nigrispinus, a partir do segundo ínstar e os adultos originados dessas ninfas, foram confinados em folhas de tomate industrial var. IPA5, com dez lagartas de terceiro ou quarto ínstares de T. absoluta. A taxa de predação do segundo ao quinto ínstar de P. nigrispinus foi de 6,2, 6,6, 8,6 e 15,5 lagartas em casa telada e de 9,1, 11,1, 8,7 e 12,9 lagartas em laboratório, respectivamente. P. nigrispinus predou, durante sua fase ninfal, um número semelhante de lagartas de T. absoluta em casa telada (38,2±1,78) e laboratório (43,1±2,19), alimentandose, em média, de 2,3 e 2,5 lagartas por dia, respectivamente, nesses dois ambientes. Fêmeas de P. nigrispinus predaram, em média, 50,8±6,1 e 50,3±10,6 lagartas no laboratório e casa telada. A conversão do alimento por fêmea de P. nigrispinus foi semelhante nos dois ambientes, tendo produzido 0,31 ovos/lagarta de T. absoluta consumida em casa telada e 0,41 ovos/lagarta em laboratório.

This work aimed to determine the predatory behavior of nymphs and adults of Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) and its reproduction preying upon Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) under open sided greenhouse (30±5ºC, 61±23% RH and natural photophase) and laboratory (28±1°C, 53±5% RH and 14 hours of photophase) conditions. Second to later instars and adults of P. nigrispinus were caged on processing tomato var. IPA5 leaves infested with ten T. absoluta third or fourth instars. P. nigrispinus from second to fifth instar preyed on 9.1, 11.1, 8.7 and 12.9 caterpillars in the laboratory and 6.2, 6.6, 8.6 and 15.5 caterpillars in the open sided greenhouse. Thus, P. nigrispinus fed on similar number of T. absoluta caterpillars under laboratory (43.1±2.19) and open sided greenhouse (38.2±1.78) conditions, preying on 2.5 and 2.3 caterpillars per day, respectively, in these environments. Average P. nigrispinus female predation was 50.8±6.1 and 50.3±10.6 caterpillars in laboratory and open sided greenhouse, respectively. Food conversion per P. nigrispinus female was similar between environments with production of 0.31 eggs per consumed caterpillar in open sided greenhouse, and 0.41 eggs in laboratory.